Absolute Reference – DefinitionĪn absolute reference in Excel fixes the cell’s reference to a value or a formula. When you drag the cell down, the cell’s reference changes based on the row and column number. When you perform some arithmetic operations in Excel, you generally drag the cell that contains a value that is the result of the formula applied there. What Is an Absolute Reference?īy default, Excel supports relative cell reference. If you are on a Windows device, this can be achieved using the shortcut F4. We do this by adding the dollar symbol before the B and the 6: $B$6. We need to use an absolute reference to fix in place B6 as the place we are telling Excel to look. B7 and B8 don’t contain the value of pi (π), so we get an error or a zero. When the formula is copied down to B3 and B4, the formula moves as expected and tries to calculate the values in B7 and B8, respectively. Calls A3 and A4 contain the radius of the circle, which is used in the formula. In cell B3, the formula became =B7*A3*A3, and the formula in cell C3 became =B8*A4*A4. That’s because, by default, the formula copied the relative cell reference. When the formula is copied to the following cells, the answer is 0. When the formula =B6*A2*A2 is entered in cell B2, the answer is calculated and displayed.Ĭell B6 contains a constant value of 3.14. The formula to find it contains a constant value, π. In the above screenshot, the area of a circle has to be calculated. Let’s see an example of where an absolute cell reference would be helpful. An absolute cell reference retains the formula without changing the values so you can copy the formula anywhere and keep the same cell value. By default, the cell reference changes when a formula is copied to another cell. In Excel spreadsheets sometimes you want a cell reference to stay the same when copied or filled. An absolute cell reference in Excel is helpful for when you are copying a formula into multiple cells.
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